Internal combustion engine



July 25, 1933. v Q EDWARDS 7 1,919,277

T D STATES Patented July 25, 19331 HERBERT C. EDWARDS, OF DETROIT;vMICHIGAN ASSIGNORTO PACKARD MOTOR CAR. 1

COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATIQN'OF MICHIGAN INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE Applic t n filed July 1, 1931. SerialNo. 548,167.; p

thereof, and to adequately fill thecylinder.

Ordinarily, when the intake port extends through the head of a cylinderthe valve stem traverses a portion of the intake passage,

and the usual form of circular valve stem terferes to some extent withthe flow of the air into the cylinder so that the desired direction offlow is disturbed and the'volumeof air which can be drawn throught thepassage in a given time during the engine operation is reduced.

An object of the invention is to overcome the above objections to'theusual form of valve mechanism, whereby the same is formed to offerminimnm'resistance to air flow passing into the cylinders.

Another object of the invent'on is to provide an engine with a valveinecha nismwhich is stream -lined where it traverses the intake passage.

A further object of the invention is to stream-line the valve stembearing sleeve so that the portion thereof proj ectinginto the air inletpassage will offer a minimum resistance to the flow of air.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an engine valvehaving a stem which is stream-lined. Other objects of the invention willappear from the following description taken in connection with thedrawing, which forms apart of this specification, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the upper portion of a cylinderhaving my invention associated. therewith;

F g. 21s a sectional viewof the same taken onhne 22 of Fig. 1;

increasing the heat transfer surface thereof;

v Fig. isanothersectional view of the same taken on line 33 of Fig. 1.

' Referring nowto the drawingby characters of reference, 10 indicatesone ofthe Q i c 5' the Dlesel or compression-ignit on type havcylindersof an internal combustion engine of ing anend wall .or dome 11 formedintegrally therewith. A. head 12 detachably secured by bolts-13 upon thedome, and both the cylinder and the head are formed with fins tor-Within the cylinder is mounted a recipro} cable piston 1&1, andpivotally associated with the piston is a' connecting" rod 15' conven-fy tional type.

extends through the dome and'the head at an .i Asubstant1ally straightVentur1 passage 16 angle to the axis of the cylinderand tangentially ofthe inner wall thereof 1 This passage, in the present instance,s ervesas the air inlet and as the exhaust outlet; however,

duplicate passages and valve mechanism of f the character shown anddescribed can be em ployed. At the inner end of the fixed a hardenedvalve-seat 17.1

The stem 18*of poppet valve extends through a portion ofthe head andthedome,

and thelhea'd 19 of the valve is mova ble in 'teriorly' of the cylinderand adapted to engage the seat member 17. The valve stem passage is' .75

traverses the inner end of the passage 16 and is mounted in a-bearingsleeve 20 which is I carried by the head andalso partially traverses thepassageway. 1 i I Y Y a In the present invention, the valve is openduring'the air intake and exhaust strokes and is closed during thecompression and working strokes of the piston, it being understood thatthe engine is of the four-cycle type.

Spring means as indicated at 21, arranged in thecylinderhead, normallymaintain the valve'closed in the usu'al imanner and suitable'engineoperated mechanism (not shown) I can-be employed for mechanicallyopening 1, the valve, such valve actuating mechanism being of anyconventional character.

Extending through the wall of the cylinder is afuel injection nozzle 22which is arranged to project. atomizedliquid fuel under high pressureinto the compressed air charges cause uniform intermingling to produce amixture which will readily ignite by the heat of compression,

Ordinarily, the sleeve 20 and the valve.

stem 18 are circular in cross section and in this instance they are ofsuch form except for that portion which projects I into or through thepassage 16, and it isobvious that there will be interruption of the airflow tending to disrupt the stream movement thereof so as to interferesomewhat with the rotational direction of flow in thecylinder,

and also that there is a certain reduction caused thereby, of the volumeof air which can be drawn through the passage during the suctionstroke'of the piston; In order to reduce such conditions to a minimum, Ipropose to stream-line that portion of the sleeve and the valvestemwhich projects into or through the passage 16. Preferably the portion 23of the sleeve is made of a reduced.

1 diameter transversely of the direction of the air flow and the endsthereof are rounded to present a stream-line effect. Likewise, a

portion 24 of thevalve stem adjacent the 7 head which protrudes beyondthe hearing when the valve is wide open is reduced in diametertransversely of the direction of the air flow to present a stream-linesection. Both the stream-lined portions of the sleeve and the stemextending-into the passage 16 present a narrow width to the air flowinginto the cylinder through the' passage and to theeXhaust flowingout ofthe, cylinder through the passage. This manner offormingthe valve stemand the hearing will ma 7 terially increase the-efliciency of the enginethrough an increase'in the air volume and decreased interference withthe intended direction of the air flow.

Although the invention has been described 7 in connection with aspecific embodiment,

the principlesinvolved are susceptible of numerous other applicationswhich Will readily occur to persons skilled in the art. The

invention is therefore to be limited only as scope of the appendedcontrolling flow through the passage, thestem portion of said valvetraversing the aassap'e and bein of reduced diameter transversely of thedirection of flow in the passage and stream-lined in form;

2. In an engine having apassage for the inlet ofair and the outlet ofexhaust, a valve,

controlling flow through the passage, the stem of said valve traversingthe passage and being flattened transversely of the opposite directionsofflow in the passage 3. In an engine having a passage, a valve stembearingsleeve partially traversing the passage, the portion of saidsleeve extending into the passage, being flattened transversely of thedirection of flow through the passage. I I

4. In an engine. having an air inlet passage leading to the interior ofa cylinder, valve means traversing the passage, theportions of saidvalve means traversing the pas: sage being of reduced diametertransversely of the direction of air flow through the pas- I. v r i l l5. In' an engine'having an air inlet passage extending through the head,reeipro cable valve in the head traversing the passage, and a valve stembearing sleeve in the head partially traversing thepassage, the

portions of, the sleeve and stem in the pas sage being reducedindiameter transversely of the direction of an flow.

HERBERT o. EDWARDS.

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